REVIEW TEST 3 CS724
test on May 1, 2001
closed book exam
- FRL - frames (NO FRL programming on the test)
- a frame is a related collection of information
- network of frames (or semantic network) to represent knowledge)
- FRL -
(named: frame, slot, facet),
(routines: fassert, fget, fput, triggers)
- frame is a combination of data and code,
with data references causing code to be activated
- GUS -natural language understanding using a frame base
- interview based on frames
- questions based on unfilled slots
- "extra" answers stored in current frame (or higher in inheritance tree)
- natural way to mimic the frames (of reference) used by people
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Case Based Expert Systems
- help desk software common use of CBR
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AskJef
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case library of interface designs
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metric of closeness base on feature space of application types
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Simple calculation, subtract each feature, add the absolute value
of the differences
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some tailoring of example output based on closeness metric
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Normal case based system
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find best case(s)
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fixup case
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(in some systems - add case to case library)
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SYSTEMS THAT LEARN
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induction system
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ID3 - build decision tree (using information theory)
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NN train - back propagation of error values (BP), test
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GA (hill climbing, population, mutation, crossover)
- simulated annealing (annealing/temperature schedule) [hill climbing]
randomly go against good advice
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COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS
-
traditional grammar notation vs systemic grammar
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LADDER: systemic grammar, can handle some forms of ellipsis
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PROGRAMMING
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NN or GA
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GUS -frame programming and NL processing
- "real" NL project
Following not on test:
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COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS
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grammar
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goal for grammar: describe all valid English sentences
and no sentences not part of English
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paraphrasing
and
TGG (parse tree, SD, SC)
[SD Structural Description, SC Structural Change]
[TGG Transformational Generative Grammar]
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ATN and DCG
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representation of sentence
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slot filler notation (also case grammar)
i.e. (verb: kiss agent:John object: Mary)
Filmore's version (V kiss A John O Mary)
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parse tree
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semantic network
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models for processing language
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batch model (the way compilers work)
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parse creating a parse tree
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pass parse tree to semantic processor
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semantic processor produces answer, interpretation or commands
- feedback system (same as above, but semantics can send a fail or
suggestion back to syntax processor
(Winograd's SHRDLU system)
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integrated processing (Shank's CD based systems)
grammar rule and end processing intertwined
-
traditional grammar notation vs systemic grammar
-
LADDER: systemic grammar, can handle some forms of ellipsis