DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY
ANNUAL REPORT
2000

I. Goals and Accomplishments

A. Instruction and Student Success

To educate and train graduate students in the science and profession of entomology and to provide undergraduate students an appreciation for the diversity and importance of insects.

3. Incorporation of technology

4. Advising efforts

Graduate students in residence, degree, and advisor.

Erickson, Luke. Plant Protection (B.S. Fall 2004). Advisor, Gary Brewer.
Kjorstad, Brent. Plant Protection (B.S. Fall 2000). Advisor, Phil Glogoza.
Schlosser, Michael. Plant Protection (B.S. Fall 2002). Advisor, Gary Brewer.
Underdahl, Jesse. Plant Protection (B.S. Spring 2004). Advisor, Phil Glogoza.

none

5. Curriculum development

Problem based learning modules were incorporated into Entomology 210, Humans, Insects, and the Environment.

6. Accreditation / Reviews

none

7. Student recruitment / retention and other student activities

The Entomology graduate students promoted Entomology at Celebration of Nations at Moorhead State University. Students and faculty participated in 'Expanding Your Horizons', a program designed to encourage young women to enter careers in science.

8. Senior professors teaching freshmen

Entomology 210, Humans, Insects and the Environment, was taught by G. J. Brewer, Professor and Chair, and Dr. Marion Harris, Associate Professor.

9. Summer school activities

Entomology does not offer formal courses in the summer. Our research programs, including graduate student research, are largely focused on crop protection and natural systems and thus are necessarily done during the summer season.

10. Awards and recognition of faculty, staff, and students

Hodgson, Erin. North Central Branch Entomological Society of America. Student paper competition. 2nd place.
Jorgensen, Carl. Knipling Scholarship Enhancement Award. Department of Entomology, North Dakota State University.
Hodgson, Erin. Beatty-Munro Scholarship. Department of Entomology, North Dakota State University.
Harris, M. O. Invitation from the Editorial Board of the Annual Review of Entomology to submit a review paper on Hessian fly to be published in the 2003 issue of ARE: coauthors Jeff Scott (Purdue) and Madan Mohan (Univ. Delhi, India).

Our research mission is to benefit the constituency of North Dakota State University and to advance the science of Entomology. We provide solutions to insect problems and issues for the State of North Dakota and we further the science of insect studies.

2. Impact of Activities

Entomology research has two broad research thrusts with a number of specific sub-goals that mirror the NDSU Agriculture Plan of Work.

1. First is to develop a thorough understanding of insect biology. This is essential to all entomological research and is necessary to the success of projects in the second thrust.
 
2. Second is to expand on our understanding of insect biology to develop sustainable management approaches to manage insect and weed pests that combine biological, cultural, physical, and chemical tools to regulate pest populations while minimizing economic, environmental, and human health risks and allowing agricultural production systems to reach their economic potential.

Program Areas

Systematics - Entomology is a taxonomy based science. Because there are more types of insects than all other animal, plant, fungi, and bacterial species combined, accurate identification of species is essential to any work with insects. In systematics we name and describe new species, genera, tribes, etc., and assemble these entities into classifications. This serves as a file and retrieval system for all the information known about the various organisms. Without names for the individual species we would not be able to file away any information learned from other research projects, nor would we be able to search for any past information. Development of good classification systems makes this file and retrieval system much more efficient. This serves as the foundation for nearly all our other research and makes accurate identifications for agricultural and medical professionals and the public possible.

• Revisions and cataloging the taxonomic relationships of the Pentatomidae and several groups of Lepidoptera of the North Central region.

Ecology - This project will provide information to help natural area stewards to make better decisions on how best to manage conservation areas. Historically, northern tall grass prairies have been burned every 4-5 years. This may not be an optimal management strategy for the survival of certain insect species or for the long term health of the prairies. Our research will provide information on the effects of burning, grazing, and haying on insect biodiversity and prairie health.

• Study the interaction of prairie arthropods with different management practices to improve prairie health.

Pest Management - The majority of our efforts are to provide management of insect and weed pests. Safe and effective pest management systems are essential to maximize the economic potential of crops and rangeland. Insect pest management often relies on chemical control but chemical controls are expensive, temporary, and site specific. Because of the adaptability of insects, changing production practices, and changes in pesticide regulations, reliance on a single control tactic, usually a pesticide, is risky. Entomology is actively looking to expand pest control options and to develop systems that are effective and economical.

Improved pest forecasting and damage assessment

• Identify high risk areas for the orange wheat blossom midge and sunflower midge.
• Development of regionally appropriate management plans for the European corn borer, the Colorado potato beetle, and sunflower midge.
• Development of efficient chemical control options for canola flea beetle.
• Improve forecasting models for sunflower midge and sugar beet root maggot.

Biological Control of weeds

• Assist other agencies in the redistribution of leafy spurge flea beetles.
• Study the continued impact of leafy spurge flea beetles in areas where spurge populations have been reduced because of flea beetle feeding.
• Study the potential of leafy spurge insects other than flea beetles in locations not favorable to flea beetles.

Genetic Resistance to Insects

• Development of insect resistant varieties of sunflower, potato, and wheat.
• Investigate the interaction of natural enemies and insect resistance in sunflower and potato.

Preventative Pest Management

• Investigate the potential and control options for new insect problems such as Lygus bugs in sugar beet and sunflower.
• Monitor populations of the sugarbeet root maggot for changes in susceptibility to pesticides.

Cultural Pest Management

• Refine methodology associated with cereal cover crops for enhancing efficacy of soil insecticides for control of sugar beet root maggot.
• Develop sunflower planting date recommendations for reducing injury from sunflower beetle larvae.

Educational Outreach - Entomological research is of value and interest to producers, land managers, government agencies, and the general public. Requests for information are provided directly and as computer presentations, web pages, extension publications and other outlets such as field days and tours.

• In collaboration with state and federal agencies, NDSU Entomology has been educating land managers on the value of leafy spurge flea beetle redistribution and establishment for control of leafy spurge.
• This has resulted in requests for over 60 million flea beetles for redistribution in ND and neighboring states.
• The increased appreciation of insects as cost-effective biological control agents has led to requests for help with biological control of pests of field crops and lawn and gardens.

Projects

Small Grains

Graduate student, K. Anderson, completed his studies investigating orange wheat blossom midge impact on durum wheats. The orange wheat blossom midge is major pest throughout the northern plains of North America. Adult female midges lay their eggs on newly emerged heads of spring and durum wheats. The larvae that hatch from these eggs feed on the surface of the developing kernels. Several types of damage result from larval feeding. Some kernels may be aborted completely while others are so small that they pass through the combine during harvest. Damaged seed that are harvested reduce the grade of the harvested wheat. To provide North Dakota farmers with more convenient and ecologically sound methods for controlling the wheat midge, entomologists and wheat breeders at NDSU are collaborating to develop adapted wheats that are resistant to the wheat midge. On wheats carrying the resistant trait, newly hatched larvae of the wheat midge fail to establish on the wheat kernel and die. A program to screen North Dakota spring and durum wheats for resistance and to transfer resistance traits into adapted wheats has been established. Wheat genotypes have been screened for resistance in the greenhouse using a laboratory colony of the wheat midge. Results from greenhouse tests are being verified in research plots in the northwestern part of the state (the area of the greatest wheat midge populations). Thus far, results indicate that resistance traits to the wheat midge are extremely rare, i.e. only one major gene for resistance has been found. Once transferred to adapted wheats, this major resistance gene will need to be deployed in a responsible manner to reduce the risks of wheat midge adaptation (i.e. the evolution of virulence to the resistance trait).

Corn

In European corn borer management research, efforts are being undertaken to achieve a better prediction of moth activity in the region. One- and two-generation ecotypes of this insect are present the northern area of the corn belt. Larvae collected from different corn production areas of North Dakota emerged at similar degree-day accumulations regardless of source of collection or location of emergence cages over the past two seasons. This model will aid in predicting emergence and peak flight for timing field scouting. A second area of emphasis is on evaluating the relative yield impacts of univoltine and bivoltine corn borer strains. Tunneling injury from the later-emerging univoltine borers is more extensive than those reported for bivoltine borers. However, field trials indicate yield impact from feeding by univoltine borers is similar to that reported for bivoltine borers at the same growth stage when boring was initiated. This suggests that revision of economic thresholds for making treatment decisions is not needed when making treatment decisions for univoltine borers.

Sunflower

Various sex pheromone blends and concentrations were attractive to the male sunflower midge, Contarinia schulzi Gagnè, in field trials. More midge were collected in traps placed in a location where overwintering midge were emerging than in a sunflower field. Traps placed 10 to 30 cm above ground level had higher trap counts than traps placed higher. This suggests that mating occurs close to the ground and at the emergence site rather than in sunflower and that few male midge are found in sunflower. Besides male sunflower midge, females and other small flies were caught in the traps. Trap design needs to be improved so that the traps will exclude most accidental insect captures and only sunflower midge attracted to the pheromone will be collected. Initial tests with a very small number of midge indicate that sunflower buds are attractive to sunflower midge in an olfactometer but this needs to be verified. The identification of the sunflower midge sex pheromone and sunflower volatiles attractive to ovipositing female sunflower midge may lead to the development of effective monitoring tools.

Sampling for the banded sunflower moth, Cochylis hospes Walsingham, is difficult and as a result, moths are often under counted or not noticed. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential for sampling banded sunflower moth eggs as an alternative to adult sampling. Although moths are present and ovipositing for at least 6 weeks, the moths prefer plants in reproductive (bud) stages R3 and R4 and oviposition essentially ceases once plants begin flowering. The oviposition pattern in 1999 agreed with this. Although a statistical correlation was found between egg counts and percent damaged seed and between egg counts and weight of damaged seed, the relationships were weak, accounting for only 46 and 31 percent of the variation in the seed measures. Egg counts and damage were correlated but the relationship was too weak to be useable in a pest management program.

Work has commenced on how females of the banded sunflower moth, C. hospes, and sunflower moth, Homoeosoma electellum, select sunflower heads of different stages as hosts. Initial work has devised suitable bioassays for testing the insects' responses to sunflowers. Using this bioassay, chemicals, found in the leaf and heads of sunflowers, have been shown to elicit strong egg laying responses by females of both species. Further work elucidating the structure of the chemicals as well as the types of behavioral responses they elicit is underway. If chemicals that are attractive to these female moths are identified, it may be possible to devise traps for removing females and thereby directly controlling these pests on sunflowers.

Canola

The crucifer flea beetle is a major threat to canola production in North Dakota and Minnesota. Currently, prophylactic insecticide seed treatments are widely used (approximately 1.4 million acres in North Dakota and Minnesota) to control this insect regardless of population levels. This occurs despite that flea beetle populations do not reach economically damaging populations every year. Although post-emergence foliar insecticides can be effective, they require timely applications within a relatively small window of opportunity. Therefore, prophylactic applications are obviously more convenient. Currently, guidelines for foliar application recommend spraying when 25% of the cotyledon's surface area has been injured. These guidelines are based on anecdotal data and anecdotal information suggest that field stands can re-establish even after 75% of the cotyledon area has been damaged. With the availability of appropriate population predictions and economic threshold recommendations, canola producers may realize a substantial economic savings in their insect pest management costs. The potential savings from treating only when advised would be approximately $840,000 and $4,200,000 annually for Minnesota and North Dakota growers. The application of biorational insecticides, including entomopathogens and plant derived antifeedents, are consistent with an IPM program using a refined economic threshold and population prediction techniques to reduce the use of chemical insecticides in canola production. Research has also compared crucifer flea beetle injury, yield, and percent oil of yield in conventional vs dormant and no-till canola production systems. The level of flea beetle injury in conventional vs dormant or no-till canola is dependant on flea beetle peak emergence being in synchrony with the presence of the cotyledon stage of the crop. Yield and percent oil of yield is effected by crop growth and stand, in addition to the level and timing of flea beetle feeding injury, and not by the crop production practice.

Sugar Beet

An ongoing cooperative effort with USDA-ARS NCSL involves screening lines from the world Beta germplasm collection for host plant resistance to sugar beet root maggot feeding injury. To date, two lines (F1015 and F1016) show moderate resistance. Additional collaborative research with the NCSL is focused on an entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae as a potential agent for biological control of the sugar beet root maggot. Laboratory bioassays indicate that all stages of the insect can be infected and killed using this fungus. However, application methods for the current inoculum (barley) is impractical for grower adoption. The predictive sugar beet root maggot fly emergence model continues to be refined with each additional growing season of correlated climatological and biological data. Experimental insecticides evaluated for potential use as sugarbeet root maggot control materials have included Actara (CGA-293343) 25W, Agrimycin 17WP, Agrimek 0.15EC, Asana 0.66XL, Dimilin 2L, Lorsban 75WG, Mustang 1.5EW, Neemix 4.5L, and Thiamethoxam (CGA-293343) 2G. Encouraging results were achieved with CGA-293343; however, efficacious rates may be cost prohibitive to producer adoption. No other compounds have provided adequate efficacy. Cereal cover crops continue to show promise as cultural tools for minimizing sugar beet root maggot feeding injury. Planting-time applications of Counter 15G at 1.05 lb (AI)/ac) were significantly enhanced by oat cover crops in 2 years of study. Also, Lorsban-treated plots with oat cover crops had significantly less maggot feeding injury than those without a cover. Increasing the oat seeding from 1 3/4 to 3 bu/acre in terbufos- and Lorsban-treated plots resulted in reduced maggot feeding injury. Barley and rye also resulted in less feeding injury, and rye was superior to barley.

Potato

The Colorado potato beetle has developed resistance to all major classes of chemicals used against it. Alternative management tactics in IPM may be necessary for sustainable Colorado potato beetle management. The compatibility of the insect fungal pathogen, Beauveria bassiana with plant insect-resistant alkaloids, found in potatoes, was determined in laboratory studies. Commercial formulations of the insect feeding deterrent alkaloids; chaconine, solanidine, demissidine, solasodine, solanine, and the potato alkaloids leptine I and leptine II did not inhabit hyphal growth of B. bassiana. Based on this research, B. bassiana would appear to be compatible with potato lines, that have the plant defensive alkaloids, in an IPM system for Colorado potato beetle. Under field studies, the interactions of a resistant potato genotype or a susceptible potato variety, Perillus bioculatus, and chemical or biological insecticides were evaluated. a Colorado potato beetle resistant potato line combined with B. bassiana did not provided better control than when either was used alone. However, combining the bacterial pathogen, Bacillus thuringiensis with a resistant potato line did provide better control then when either was used alone.

Leafy Spurge

Leafy spurge is a perennial plant native to Eurasia that has become a widespread weed in North Dakota. Research has been conducted on leafy spurge to determine what impact larval feeding by Aphthona spp. flea beetles has on the root mass and stem density. Aphthona spp. flea beetles can be a successful biocontrol method for leafy spurge in North Dakota. Leafy spurge root placement in the soil appears to limit the success of Aphthona spp. to only a particular range of habitat characteristics. One species of Aphthona flea beetles could be used in a leafy spurge infestation if the habitat characteristics and environmental conditions are uniform and meet the requirements of the species used. It is more likely that a leafy spurge infestation of more than an acre inhabits a wide range of habitats. When treating larger spurge infestations with Aphthona flea beetles, a multi species management method may be better. The order of Aphthona spp. flea beetles productivity in managing leafy spurge is A. lacertosa/A. czwalinae followed by A. nigriscutis > A. flava > A. cyparissiae. Other research is being conducted to determine if sex ratio may have an affect on the fecundity of A. lacertosa, and ultimately its ability to establish and reduce leafy spurge stands. Also research is being conducted to determine the effect of competitive grasses and/or herbicides on the establishment of Aphthona spp. and its impact on leafy spurge stands. The beneficial cerambycid beetle, Oberea erythrocephala has a different reproductive and feeding behavior than the Aphthona spp. and, therefore, may be better suited for successful establishment in the environmental habitats where Aphthona flea beetle establishment has been less than satisfactory. Oberea erythrocephala was released at sites in the little Missouri River basin, and in southeast and north central North Dakota. Adult Oberea were collected and oviposition has been occurring three years following the initial release year. This study indicates that O. erythrocephala will establish in different environmental habitats that vary in annual temperature and precipitation, soil composition, and landscape.

Insect Systematics and Ecology

Work continued on the Catalog of Pentatomidae of the World, and 3 chapters of the Palearctic Heteroptera Catalog; a catalog of Cimex names was published. A new subfamily (Stirotarsinae) of Pentatomidae was described. Work continued on several generic revisions and a generic conspectus of the Rhynchocorini. Pentatomid specimens have been received from many places around the World for identification. A website on the grasshoppers of North Dakota is nearly complete and work continues on various insect groups in North Dakota (moths in general, Tortricids, Bombicoids, Orthoptera, etc.). We continued to analyze the effects of burning, grazing, and haying on selected tallgrass prairie arthropods. A MS project looking at tallgrass prairie management on carabid beetles was completed and the findings are being published.

Pesticide Impact Assessment/Regional Pest Management Centers

The USDA-OPMP program for Pesticide Impact Assessment (PIA) has changed funding formats. Instead of state formula funding, the program has changed to a competitive grant category. Though pesticide impact assessment is still a component of the projects, other duties and program direction will evolve over the next three years. A three year proposal was submitted and funded. In addition, a proposal was submitted and funded for conducting a statewide pesticide use survey for the state of North Dakota. The scope of the survey will cover the 2000 production year. The survey will be conducted in cooperation with the North Dakota Agricultural Statistics Service. Summary data will be available in May '01. The final extension report is scheduled for completion by October '01.

3. Research Grants and Contracts

The Department of Entomology depends on outside funding to support research programs and graduate student training. The total research grants and contracts received during 2000 was $253,992. Funding sources included commodity and other industry groups, State Board of Agricultural Research Fund, various USDA programs, and conservation groups.

See Appendix B, Grants and Contracts for a listing of principal investigators, grant titles, funding sources, and amounts.

4. Publications and Presentations

Faculty and personnel in the Department of Entomology have an obligation to disseminate their research findings to the scientific community and to the public.

Extension outputs are in section C.

1. Extension & outreach mission

The service mission of the Department of Entomology is to provide professional service, service to peers and organizations, and community outreach.

Professional service includes extension (the collection, evaluation, interpretation, and public dissemination of entomological information), diagnostics, and insect survey activities.

Service to peers and organizations includes service to other entomologists and scientists, service to the university, and to professional societies (participation in activities related to the functioning of these organizations).

Public service includes a vigorous K-12 educational outreach program for the benefit of local and regional communities and professional entomology-related services to medical and veterinary clients and the general public.

2. Professional service

North Dakota Crop and Pest Report

Dr. Phil Glogoza is the coordinator/editor of the weekly report distributed statewide from May through August.

Extension Services

Faculty members in the Department of Entomology, not just those with extension appointments, have the obligation to disseminate research findings to the agricultural and general public communities. Extension and other personnel respond to numerous inquiries from growers, agriculturalists, county extension personnel, and the general public.

Extension Bulletins and Other Publication, Presentation, and Tour - Summary

Insect Diagnostics

Insect diagnostic requests are handled by two units within Entomology, Extension Entomology (Dr. Glogoza) and the Insect Systematics Lab (Dr. Rider). The majority of the requests are handled by Extension Entomology. They make about 900 to 1,200 identifications per year. A typical breakdown of the clientele requesting identifications would be: 60% agriculture, 25% horticulture, and 15% structural pest problems. Identifications are handled as specimens submitted by clients, the NDSU Extension Service Plant Pest Diagnostic Lab, and through phone conversations.

The Insect Systematics Lab makes identifications when Extension Entomology is unavailable or seeks another opinion. They also respond to a large number of requests from the general public. They make about 350 identifications per year, 60-70% from the general public and the remainder from extension and agriculture.

Insect Surveys

Wheat midge survey. Wheat midge surveys have been conducted for six years. These surveys identify locations of high populations of overwintering midge and are used by growers and managers to help plan for the up-coming season. The project has been funded through the North Dakota Wheat Commission since 1995. Members of the commission continue to support the effort and have expressed a desire to fund the project for a number of years.

Sugarbeet root maggot. Surveys of commercial sugarbeet production fields in the Red River Valley of North Dakota and Minnesota to forecast next seasons population levels of the sugarbeet root maggot.

3. Peer and organizational service

Service to Peers

The North Dakota State Insect Reference Collection is internationally recognized for the work done in Pentatomid systematics. Dr. Dave Rider, curator of the collection, has received over the past 5 years an average of 1,464 specimens per year from colleagues worldwide for identification. In exchange, specimens in other taxonomic groups are sent from NDSU to other locations. This service is part of an worldwide network of insect systematics that exchange expertise and is a recognition of the quality of the insect systematic work done here.

Service to Professional Societies

Boetel, M. A. Coach, NDSU Linnaean Games Team, 2000 North Central Branch Entomological Society of America, annual meeting, March, 200, Minneapolis, MN.

Professional Reviews (journals and grants)

J. Economic Entomology
J. Hymenoptera Research
J. Sugar Beet Research
NDSU Extension Circular
Proc. Entomological Society of Washington
USDA Peer Review

4. Community outreach

The Entomology Department's outreach program targets the general public with principal emphasis on primary and secondary schools. The program explains the relationship man has with insects and insect relatives. It presents information about insects in an educational and entertaining manner and is used to supplement elementary and secondary curricula.

More than 100 presentations were given in 2000. Presentations were made at primary and secondary schools, to Cub Scout groups, to extension service eco-camps, and to other groups such as library programs, migrant worker summer school, daycare programs, youth and after school programs, and 4H. Most of the presentations were given in the Red River valley but funding from the President's office with additional funds from the VP of Agriculture office allowed presentations across North Dakota. The demand for our K-12 outreach program continues to increase and more requests are received than can be accommodated. We were able to meet about 75% of the requests for presentations.

Graduate students through the Entomology Club are also actively involved in community outreach. They sponsored the Hug-a-Bug presentation at Yunker Farm for Girl Scouts and did a module for Expanding Horizons, dedicated to building young women's interest is science. Displays were set up at Marketplace for Kids and the Hot Zone Event. They were invited to participate in the Celebration of Nations at Moorhead State University where they promoted Entomology and sold mealworm lollipops, insect key chains, and dirt cupcakes. The students made presentations to ND science teachers and prepared activity packets and riker mounts for use in K-12 science classes.

5. Extension Grants

The Department of Entomology depends on outside funding to enhance extension programs and graduate student training. An extension grant from the USDA Pesticide Impact Assessment Program for $1,499 was received in 2000.

See Appendix B, Grants and Contracts, for details.

1. Cultural Diversity

2. Affirmative Action / Equal Opportunity

We participated in 'Expanding Your Horizons', a program designed to encourage young women to enter careers in science and a program with Girl Scouts.

3. Cooperative Programming / Interdisciplinary Efforts

The department is active along with the departments of Plant Pathology and Plant Science in the interdisciplinary Plant Protection major. Gary Brewer is coordinator for the Plant Protection curriculum and Phil Glogoza is a member of the coordinating committee.

Entomology worked with faculty and staff in a number of departments to develop a multi-disciplinary distance MS program in Plant Protection.

4. International Activities

none

5. Economic Development

See grants and contracts. Most of the efforts at crop protection have as part of their program, efforts to mitigate or prevent economic loss from pest insects. The biological control of leafy spurge project (a cooperative projects with several NDSU departments and other agencies) has as its goal the economic development of rangeland.

6. Addressing Institutional Purposes

The Departments mission as stated in the Departmental Strategic Plan mirrors the tripartite mission of NDSU as a Land-Grant University, research, teaching and service. Extension entomology provides formal service to clientele in the state and region (see extension and outreach, section I C). K-12 service is provided by a vigorous outreach program (see section I C 4).

7. College Planning Functions / Activities / Accomplishments

Our major priorities now and for the future include the following:

• Basic and applied research on the biology, ecology, and population dynamics of insect species of importance to the Great Plains.
• Programs that address alternatives to chemical pesticides.
• Programs that address environmentally sound methods of using existing or new pesticides.
• Programs that address issues of risk/benefit of pesticides on the environment, the pest, and non-target organisms.
• Continued development of a used and useful North Dakota State Insect Reference Collection.
• Delivering educational programs in entomology and integrated pest management at the undergraduate, graduate, and outreach levels.

We have a strong base in insect science and management. Our competence in insect ecology, biological control, host plant resistance, plant - insect interactions, and insect systematics give us expertise in integrated pest management and basic insect science. The addition of new faculty with expertise in insect behavior and insect physiology/biochemistry have strengthened Entomology in areas basic to the science.

We face the challenge of prioritizing and successfully managing our resources to meet the research, outreach, and teaching needs of the region. Additionally, we need to continually improve the bidirectional movement of information with our clients.

A remaining challenge is to increase graduate student enrollment and the quality of graduate student education. To achieve this, we are critically examining our graduate course offerings.

B. Assessment Data Use

Our goal is to build a database to describe our effectiveness at instructing our graduate students in critical areas. Until several more years data have been collected the database will be of limited use. However, a review of the existing data suggests that a shift in emphasis in some of our classes is desirable. We will continually assess our teaching and put in place a check on our effectiveness in providing students a strong understanding of insect ecology, systematics, morphology, and physiology and effective training in communication skills.

Assessment data is being collected on the K-12 outreach program. The data will be used to improve the effort and better fit it to the science needs of K-12 educators.

A. Enrollment and FTE data

Number of graduate students enrolled in 2000: 7

Budgeted FTE - 1.36, Produced FTE - 0.95, Earned FTE - 0.70

B. Grants and Contracts

1. Extension

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, M. Khan, and A. J. Schroeder. Fact Sheet: "Springtails in Sugarbeets: Identification, Biology, and Management." Sugarbeet Research and Education Board of MN and ND. $948.72. FY 2000-2001.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, M. Khan, and A. J. Schroeder. Fact Sheet: Springtails in Sugarbeets: Identification, Biology, and Management." North Dakota State Board of Agricultural Research and Education. $551. FY 2000-2001.

2. Research

Boetel, M. A., B. W. Fuller, D. L. Beck, and M. M. Ellsbury. Low-input biological control of corn rootworms in continuous corn. South Dakota Corn Utilization Council. $4,000. FY 1999-2000.

Boetel, M. A. Sugarbeet root maggot biocontrol. USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Northern Crop Science Laboratory. $20,000. FY 2000-2003.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, and A. J. Schroeder. Sugarbeet root maggot biology and control Sugarbeet Research and Education Board of MN and ND. $57,500. FY 2000-2001.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, and A. J. Schroeder. Sugarbeet root maggot rearing. American Cyanamid Company. $400. FY 2000-2001.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, and A. J. Schroeder. Sugarbeet root maggot rearing. BASF Corporation. $200. FY 2000-2001.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, and A. J. Schroeder. Sugarbeet root maggot control using planting-time and postemergence insecticide applications. BASF Corporation. $3,600. FY 2000-2001.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, and A. J. Schroeder. Experimental treatments for control of the sugarbeet root maggot. FMC Corporation. $1,500. FY 2000-2001.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, and A. J. Schroeder. Experimental treatments for control of the sugarbeet root maggot. Zeneca Ag Products. $5,000. FY 2000-2001.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, and A. J. Schroeder. Postemergence rescue treatments for control of the sugarbeet root maggot. DuPont Crop Protection. $5,000. FY 2000-2001.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, and A. J. Schroeder. Sugarbeet root maggot rearing. American Cyanamid Company. $400. FY 2000-2001.

Brewer, G. J. Management practices for sunflower midge. National Sunflower Assoc. and State Board of Agricultural Research Granting Committee. $20,720. FY 2000.

Brewer, G. J. and L. D. Charlet. 2000. Insecticides for control of sunflower midge. National Sunflower Association and North Dakota State Board of Agricultural Research & Education. $5,876

Brewer, G. J., B. Vick, and L. D. Charlet. 2000. Sunflower midge attractants. National Sunflower Association and North Dakota State Board of Agricultural Research & Education. $3,606.

Brewer, G. J., R. J. Dregseth, A. J. Schroeder, and M. A. Boetel. At plant sequential applications of Temik insecticide to reduce sugarbeet root maggot damage. Rhone Poulenc Agro. $5000. FY 1999-2000.

Brewer, G. J., R. J. Dregseth, A. J. Schroeder, and M. A. Boetel. Sugarbeet root maggot control. American Cyanamid Company. $3,500. FY 1999-2000.

Brewer, G. J., R. J. Dregseth, A. J. Schroeder, and M. A. Boetel. Lorsban 75W versus Lorsban 4E, efficacy on sugarbeet root maggot control. DowAgroSciences. $3,500. FY 1999-2000.

Brewer, G. J., R. J. Dregseth, A. J. Schroeder, and M. A. Boetel. Efficacy and crop response to Asana XL in sugar beets. Dupont Agricultural Products. $1,500. FY 1999-2000.

Charlet, L. D. and A. Gebre-Amlak. 2000. Evaluation of sunflower lines for stem weevil resistance. High Plains Sunflower Committee. $2,000.

Charlet, L. D. and A. Gebre-Amlak. 2000. Evaluation of sunflower hybrids for resistance to sunflower stem weevil. Sunflower Seed Industry Grants. $1,300.

Charlet, L. D. and J. J. Knodel. 2000. Management of wireworms in sunflower with seed treatment in North Dakota. Industry Grant. $5,000.

Foster, S. P. New Zealand Institute of Crop and Food Research. Biology and ecology of confused flour beetle. $5,300. July 1 2000 - June 30 2001.

Fuller, B. W., M. A. Boetel, D. L. Beck, M. M. Ellsbury, and B. H. Bleakley. Low-input biological control of corn rootworms in continuous corn. South Dakota Corn Utilization Council. $4,500. FY 2000-2001.

Fuller, B., M. Boetel, L. Chandler, and N. Kadakia. First-year corn Injury by corn rootworms. South Dakota Corn Utilization Council. $6000. FY 2000-2001.

Fuller, B., M. Boetel, L Chandler, and N. Kadakia. First-year corn Injury by corn rootworms. South Dakota Corn Utilization Council. $6,000. FY 1999-2000.

Gulya, T. J. and L. D. Charlet. 2000. Achene black spot. National Sunflower Association and North Dakota State Board of Agricultural Research & Education. $5,000.

Knodel, J. J. and L. D. Charlet. 2000. Monitoring adult sunflower stem weevil using sticky traps in sunflower. National Sunflower Association. $2,250.

MacRae, I., M. Boetel, and A. Anderson. Improving population predictions for the sugarbeet root maggot. Sugarbeet Research and Education Board of MN and ND. $15,650. FY 2000-2001.

Olson, D. L. Insecticide efficacy trial. Novartis Corp. 2000, $5,000

Olson, D. L. Insecticide efficacy trial. Dow AgriSciences. 2000, $1,500

Olson, D. L. The effect of a Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), leptine resistant potato line on the natural enemy, Perillus bioculatus (F.). NDSU Res. Foundation RDSP Grant Project. $5,190.

Olson, D. L. and D. A. Mundal. The utilization of Oberea erthrocephala as an additional bio-control agent on leafy spurge in the Little Missouri river basin. USDA/TEAM Leafy Spurge project. $30,000.

Rider, D. A. 2000. Systematics of Selected Australian Stink Bug Groups (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Australian Museum Collection Fellowship, Sydney, Australia, $5,000 (AUD).

Rider, D. A. and G. M. Fauske. 2000. The effects of standard prairie management activities on prairie arthropod communities. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, partnerships for Wildlife Grants Program, $8,000.

Rider, D. A. and G. M. Fauske. 2000. The effects of standard prairie management activities on prairie arthropod communities. The Minnesota Chapter of The Nature Conservancy, $5,000.

C. Publications

1. Refereed journals

Foster, S. P. 2000. The periodicity of sex pheromone biosynthesis, release and degradation in the light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Walker). Arch. Insect Biochem Physiol. 43: 125-136.

Foster, S. P. and W. P. Thomas. 2000. Identification of the sex pheromone of the raspberry budmoth, Heterocrossa rubophaga Dugdale. J. Chem Ecol. 26: 2549-2555.

Harris, M. O., M. Sandanayake, and W. Griffin. 2000. Oviposition preferences of the Hessian fly and their consequences for the survival and reproductive potential of offspring. Ecological Entomology. [in press]

Kanno, H. and M. O. Harris. 2000. Both chemical and physical features of grass leaves influence host selection by the Hessian fly. Journal of Chemical Ecology. 26: 2335-2354.

Morris, B. D., S. P. Foster, and M. O. Harris. 2000. Identification of 1-octacosanol and 6-methoxy-2-benzoxizolinone from wheat as ovipositional stimulants for the Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor. J. Chem. Ecol. 26: 859-873.

Rider, D. A. 2000. Stirotarsinae, new subfamily for Stirotarsus abnormis Bergroth (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 93(4): 802-806.

Tinerella, P. P. and D. A. Rider. 2000. Occurrence of the tiger beetle Cicindela cursitans LeConte (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in Northwestern Minnesota. Entomological News. 111(5): 367-369. [in press]

2. Books

3. Book chapters

Harris, M. O., C. E. Williams, R. H. Ratcliffe, J. J. Stuart, S. P. Foster, H. Kanno, B. D. Morris, U. Rani, R. H. Shukle, H. W. Ohm, R. A. Pickering, and W. Griffin. 2000. Biology and host-plant relationships of the Hessian fly: past and current research. In: New Approaches to Gall Midge Resistance in Rice (ed. J.S. Bentur), International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines. [in press]

4. Non-refereed Publications

Albertson, J. L. and D. A. Rider. 2000. The effects of prairie management strategies on tallgrass prairie plant bugs (Heteroptera: Miridae) and treehoppers (Homoptera: Membracidae). North Dakota State University McNair Scholars Research Journal 2:38-48.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, A. J. Schroeder, and G. J. Brewer. 2000. Comparison of insecticide placement methods for controlling sugarbeet root maggot, 1999. Arthropod Mgt. Tests. 25: 316-317.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, A. J. Schroeder, and G. J. Brewer. 2000. Experimental insecticide treatments for management of sugarbeet root maggot, 1999. Arthropod Mgt. Tests. 25: 317-318.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, A. J. Schroeder, and G. J. Brewer. 2000. Impact of cereal cover crops on soil insecticide performance for controlling sugarbeet root maggot, 1999. Arthropod Mgt. Tests. 25: 318-319.

Boetel, M. A., B. W. Fuller, and S. M. Schaefer. 2000. Effect of Fortress insecticide application rate on control of corn rootworm larvae using the Smartbox delivery system, 1999. Arthropod Mgt. Tests. 25: 194-195.

Boetel, M. A., B. W. Fuller, and S. M. Schaefer. 2000. Insecticide-coated corn seed in comparison with planting-time soil insecticides for controlling corn rootworm larvae, 1999. Arthropod Mgt. Tests. 25: 193-194.

Boetel, M. A., A. J. Schroeder, R. J. Dregseth, and G. J. Brewer. 2000. Planting-time and postemergence insecticides for managing sugarbeet root maggot, 1999. Arthropod Mgt. Tests. 25: 319-320.

Boetel, M. A., A. J. Schroeder, R. J. Dregseth, and G. J. Brewer. 2000. Sugarbeet root maggot management using registered insecticides, 1999. Arthropod Mgt. Tests. 25: 321-322.

Brewer. G. 2000. Sunflower midge - morphology & identification of adults & larvae. Proc. 11^th Great Plains Sunflower Insect Workshop. April 13-14, 2000. Fargo.

Brewer, G. 2000. Host-plant resistance. Proc. 11^th Great Plains Sunflower Insect Workshop. April 13-14, 2000. Fargo.

Brewer, G. 2000. Integration of honeybee pollination with sunflower insect pest management. Proc. 11^th Great Plains Sunflower Insect Workshop. April 13-14, 2000. Fargo.

Brewer, G. J., and G. Schmidt. 2000. Banded sunflower moth oviposition and impact on yield. Proc. 22^nd Sunflower Research Forum. National Sunflower Association. January 18-19, 2000.

Charlet, L. D. 2000. Impact of different strategies for sunflower stem weevil management in cultivated sunflower. Abst. North Central Branch, Entomol. Soc. Am. 55th Ann. Meeting, Minneapolis, MN, 26-29 March 2000. p. 65.

Charlet, L. D. 2000. Management of the sunflower stem weevil, Cylindrocopturus adspersus, in the central Plains. Proc. 22nd Sunflower Research Workshop, Natl. Sunflower Assoc., Fargo, ND, 18-19 January 2000. p. 1-9.

Charlet, L. D. 2000. Biology and pest management strategies for the sunflower beetle in cultivated sunflower in North America. Proc. 15th Intern. Sunflower Conference, Intern. Sunflower Assoc., Toulouse, France, 12-15 June, 2000. Vol. 2, Sec. H, p. 22-27.

Charlet, L. D. 2000. Sunflower midge - history, biology and damage. Proc. 11th Great Plains Sunflower Insect Workshop, Fargo, ND, 13-14 April 2000. p. 15-21.

Charlet, L. D. 2000. Pest management strategies for the sunflower midge: chemical and biological control. Proc. 11th Great Plains Sunflower Insect Workshop, Fargo, ND, 13-14 April 2000. p. 41-46.

Hodgson, E., I. MacRae, and G. Brewer. 2000. Spatial distribution of the sunflower midge Contarinia schulzi Gagné (Diptera). Proc. 11^th Great Plains Sunflower Insect Workshop. April 13-14, 2000. Fargo.

Hodgson, E., I. MacRae, and G. J. Brewer. 2000. Spatial distribution of the sunflower midge Contarinia schulzi Gagnè (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Proc. 22^nd Sunflower Research Forum. National Sunflower Association. January 18-19, 2000.

Fuller, B. W., M. A. Boetel, and S. M. Schaefer. 2000. Application techniques using Regent to control rootworms, 1999. Arthropod Mgt. Tests. 25: 208-209.

Fuller, B. W., M. A. Boetel, and S. M. Schaefer. 2000. Cultivation and planting-time insecticide applications to control corn rootworms, 1999. Arthropod Mgt. Tests. 25: 209.

Fuller, B. W., M. A. Boetel, and S. M. Schaefer. 2000. Transgenic corn hybrids for management of corn rootworms, 1999. Arthropod Mgt. Tests. 25: 420-421.

Fuller, B. W., S. M. Schaefer, and M. A. Boetel. 2000. Aerial insecticide application for control of the red sunflower weevil, 1999. Arthropod Mgt. Tests. 25: 324.

Glogoza, P. and J. J. Knodel. 2000. Sunflower insect pest situation in the central and northern plains, 1999. Proceedings of the 11^th Great Plains Sunflower Insect Workshop. Fargo, ND.

Knodel, J. J., L. D. Charlet, and P. A. Glogoza. 2000. Biology and management of the sunflower beetle in North Dakota. North Dakota State Univ. Ext. Serv. Bull. E-824. 8 p.

Mundal, D. A., D. L. Olson, and R. B. Carlson. 2000. The Effect of Aphthona spp. Flea Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): Larval Feeding on Leafy Spurge, Euphorbia esula L., Root Systems and Stem Density in North Dakota: 1986-96.

Tatta, V., L. D. Charlet, and G. J. Brewer. 2000. Sunflower midge emergence and distribution. Proc. 22nd Sunflower Research Workshop, Natl. Sunflower Assoc., Fargo, ND, 18-19 January 2000. p. 14-22.

Tatta, V., L. D. Charlet, and G. Brewer. 2000. Sunflower midge - monitoring, emergence patterns, degree-day models, edge-effect, & economic injury levels. Proc. 11^th Great Plains Sunflower Insect Workshop. April 13-14, 2000. Fargo.

Tatta, V., L. D. Charlet, and G. J. Brewer. 2000. Sunflower midge: predictive model for emergence and edge effect. Proc. 22^nd Sunflower Research Forum. National Sunflower Association. January 18-19, 2000.

5. Extension Bulletins, Guides, and Newsletters

Boetel, M. A. 2000. Sugarbeet insect pest management in the Red River Valley growing region of the USA. Research tour for "international Institute of Sugarbeet Research" (sponsored by American Crystal Sugar Cooperative), July 2000, St. Thomas, ND.

Boetel, M. A. Updated "Sugarbeet Insects" section of the North Dakota Field Crop Insect Management Guide for the 2000 and 2001 issues.

Boetel, M. A., G. J. Brewer, R. J. Dregseth, A. J. Schroeder, and L. J. Smith. 2000. Biology and control of the sugarbeet root maggot in the Red River Valley - 1999. In 1999 Sugarbeet Research and Extension Reports. North Dakota State University Coop. Ext. Svc. 30: 196-212.

Dregseth, R. J., M. A. Boetel, A. J. Schroeder, and G. J. Brewer. 2000. Sugarbeet root maggot management strategies, 2000. In 2000 Sugarbeet Production Guide. North Dakota State University and University of Minnesota Coop. Ext. Svc. pp. 53-77.

Glogoza, P. A. 2000. North Dakota Field Crop Insect Management guide for 2001. NDSU Extension Service. E-1143.

Glogoza, P. A. 2000. Crop Insecticide Recommendations in Crop Production Guide 2001, ed. Duane Berglund. NDSU Extension Service and North Dakota Agricultural Association.

Glogoza, P., D. McBride, A. Anderson. 2000. Mosquito Management. NDSU Extension Service. E-472.

Glogoza, P. A. 2000. The Armyworm and the Army Cutworm. NDSU Extension Service. E-830.

Jackson, M., P. Glogoza, J. J. Knodel, and C. L Ruby, J. Walla. 2000. Insect and Disease Management Guide for Woody Plants in North Dakota. NDSU Extension Service. F-1192.

Knodel, J., L. Charlet, P. Glogoza. 2000. Biology and Pest Management of the Sunflower Beetle in North Dakota. NDSU Extension Service. E-824.

Lym, R. G., D. L. Olson, and D. A. Mundal. 2000. Leafy spurge control using flea beetles (Aphthona spp.). NDSU Coop. Ext. Publ., W-1183.

6. Internet Web Pages

Boetel, M. A. 2000. Methods used in sugarbeet root maggot insecticide studies. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/media/beets/methods.ram.

Boetel, M. A. 2000. Planting-time versus postemergence insecticide treatments for control of the sugarbeet root maggot. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/media/beets/findings.ram.

Boetel, M. A. 2000. Performance of experimental insecticide treatments for controlling the sugarbeet root maggot. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/media/beets/experiment/ram.

Boetel, M. A. 2000. Evaluation of cereal cover crops as a cultural method for preventing sugarbeet root maggot feeding injury. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/media/beets/cover.ram.

Boetel, M. A. 2000. Impact of placement method on efficacy of registered soil insecticides for sugarbeet root maggot control. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/media/beets/place.ram.

Boetel, M. A. 2000. Performance trial of registered insecticides for control of sugarbeet root maggot larvae. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/media/beets/register.ram.

Boetel, M. A. 2000. Sugarbeet root maggot population forecast for the 2000 growing season. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/media/beets/forecast.ram.

Boetel, M. A. 2000. Sugarbeet root maggot management recommendations for the 2000 growing season. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/media/beets/recom.ram.

Boetel, M. A. 2000. Lygus bug update. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/media/beets/lygus.ram.

Glogoza, P. A., D. Kopp, and B. Sologuk. North Dakota State University Crop and Pest Report. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/aginfo/entomology/ndsucpr/index.htm.

Glogoza, P. A., and B. Sologuk. North Dakota pesticide Impact Assessment Program. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/aginfo/entomology/ndpiap/index.htm 

Glogoza, P. A. North Dakota Entomology Updates. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/aginfo/entomology/entupdates/index.htm.

Glogoza, P. A. and B. Sologuk. European Corn Borer Moth Flight Trapping Project.   
http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/aginfo/entomology/entupdates/ecb/ecb.htm

Glogoza, P. A. and B. Sologuk. Orange Wheat Blossom Midge. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/aginfo/entomology/entupdates/Wheat_Midge/owbm.htm 

Glogoza, P. A., B. Sologuk, and D. Egbert. North Dakota Field Crop Insect Management Guide. http://www.ext.nodak.edu/extpubs/plantsci/pests/e1143w1.htm.

Glogoza, P, and K. Anderson. 2000. Crop Profile for Hard Red Spring and Durum Wheats in North Dakota. USDA, OPMP/PIAP. http://pestdata.ncsu.edu/cropprofiles/docs/NDwheat.html 

Glogoza, P. and E. Hodgson. 2000. Crop Profile for Dry Edible Beans in North Dakota. USDA, OPMP/PAIP. http://pestdata.ncsu.edu/cropprofiles/docs/ndbeans-dryedible.html 

Glogoza, P. and P. Tinerella. 2000. Crop Profile for Barley in North Dakota. USDA, OPMP/PAIP. http://pestdata.ncsu.edu/cropprofiles/docs/NDbarley.html 

Pike, D. and P. Glogoza. 2000. Crop Profile for Dairy in North Dakota. USDA, OPMP/PAIP. http://pestdata.ncsu.edu/cropprofiles/docs/nddairy.html 

7. Computer/Slide Presentations Prepared for Extension Training Resources

Glogoza, P. A. Cereal Leaf Beetle Moves into North Dakota. Powerpoint and video training program.

Glogoza, P. A. Insecticide Updates for 2001. ND Pesticide Applicator Training. Powerpoint and video training program.

Glogoza, P. A. Insecticides and insect management. ND Pesticide Applicator Training. Powerpoint and video training program.

Glogoza, P. A. Soybean Aphid: A New Bug on Your Block? Powerpoint slide show.

Glogoza, P. A. Potato insect management. Powerpoint slide show.

Glogoza, P. A. Master Gardener training: Beneficial insects. Powerpoint slide show.

Glogoza, P. A. Master Gardener training: Horticultural insect pest concerns. Powerpoint slide show.

Glogoza, P. A. Insect management concerns in Tress and Shrubs. Powerpoint slide show.

Glogoza, P. A. Insect pest management for stored grain in North Dakota. Powerpoint and video training program.

Glogoza, P. A. Insects in the Garden and Landscape. Powerpoint slide show.

Glogoza, P. A. Introduction to Basic Entomology. Powerpoint slide show.

Glogoza, P. A. Managing for Pest Resistance in North Dakota: Insects. Powerpoint slide show.

Glogoza, P. A. Dry Bean Insect Management Concerns. Powerpoint slide show.

Glogoza, P. A. Lyme Disease. Powerpoint slide show.

Glogoza, P. A. Insect Pest Management for Potato in the Red River Valley. Powerpoint slide show.

Glogoza, P. A. Wheat Pest Management Strategies: Insects. Powerpoint slide show.

Glogoza, P. A. Pest Management of Sugarbeet Insect Pests. Powerpoint slide show.

Glogoza, P. A. Sunflower Insect Management in North Dakota. Powerpoint slide show.

Glogoza, P. A. Sunflower Midge Management in North Dakota. Powerpoint slide show.

Knodel, J. and Glogoza, P. A. Canola Insect Pests and Their Management. Powerpoint slide show.

D. Presentations and non-refereed publications

1. Symposia

2. Invited seminars & presentations

Brewer, G. J. Current research and trends in subsection Fa entomology: host plant resistance. Invited presentation. Entomological Society of America. Dec. 3-6, 2000, Montreal. Canada.

Harris, M. O. 2000. Host-plant Relationships of the Hessian fly: the Contribution of the Adult Female. Department of Entomology and Illinois Natural History Survey. University of Illinois.

Olson, D. L., R. B. Carlson, and D. A. Mundal. 2000. Response of Aphthona flea beetle to leafy spurge root structure and stand density. Regional Insect Workers Meeting. North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND.

Tinerella, P. P. and D. A. Rider. 2000. The ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) of tallgrass prairie remnants in Minnesota. Presented at Symposium "Organismal Biology of the Northern Great Plains.", for the 92^nd annual Meeting of the North Dakota Academy of Science, Moorhead, Minnesota.

3. Presentations to Professional societies and organizations

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, A. J. Schroeder, L. J. Smith, and G. J. Brewer. 2000. Sugarbeet root maggot research at North Dakota State University: insecticide performance summary and outlook for 2000. 30^th Annual Sugarbeet Research Reporting Session, January 2000, Fargo, ND.

Charlet, L. D. Impact of different strategies for sunflower stem weevil management in cultivated sunflower. Entomological Society of America, North Central Branch Meeting, Minneapolis, MN, March 2000.

Charlet, L. D. Biology and pest management strategies for the sunflower beetle in cultivated sunflower in North America. 15^th International Sunflower Conference, Toulouse, France, June 2000.

Dregseth, R. J., M. A. Boetel, A. J. Schroeder, R. B. Carlson, G. J. Brewer, and J. S. Armstrong. 2000. Use of Cereal Cover Crops to Enhance Insecticidal Control of Sugarbeet Root Maggot. Abstracts of the North Central Branch, Entomological Society of America, annual meetings, paper no. 195, p. 67.

Dregseth, R. J., A. J. Schroeder, M. A. Boetel, and G. J. Brewer. 2000. Impact of cereal cover crops and insecticide placement on sugarbeet root maggot management. 30^th Annual Sugarbeet Research Reporting Session, January 2000, Fargo, ND

Dregseth, R. J., M. A. Boetel, A. J. Schroeder, R. B. Carlson, G. J. Brewer, and J. S. Armstrong. 2000. Use of Cereal Cover Crops to Enhance Insecticidal Control of Sugarbeet Root Maggot Entomological Society of America, North Central Branch, annual meeting, March 2000, Minneapolis, MN.

Fuller, B. W., M. A. Boetel, L. D. Chandler, and P. M. Davis. 2000. Rootworm emergence from CRY3Bb hybrids compared to that observed with insecticide-treated maize. Abstracts of the XXI International Congress of Entomology. Book I, paper no. 0241, p. 61.

Fuller, B. W., M. A. Boetel, D. L. Beck, M. M. Ellsbury, and B. H. Bleakley. 2000. Low-input biological control of corn rootworms in continuous corn. Corn Utilization Council Research Project Review Forum, March 2000, Brookings, SD.

Fuller, B. W., M. A. Boetel, L. D. Chandler, and P. M. Davis. 2000. Rootworm emergence from Cry3Bb hybrids compared to that observed with insecticide-treated maize. XXI International Congress of Entomology. August, 2000.

Fuller, B. W., M. A. Boetel, L. D. Chandler, and N. D. Kadakia. 2000. First-year corn injury by corn rootworms. Corn Utilization Council Research Project Review Forum, March 2000, Brookings, SD.

Glogoza, P. A. and J. Knodel. Wheat Midge, Sitidiplosis mosellana, in North Dakota: A seven year review. Entomological Society of America, Annual Meeting. Montreal, Canada. Dec. 3-6, 2000.

Gross, K. and P. A. Glogoza. Moth flight prediction and yield-loss relationship by growth stage for univoltine European corn borer in the Northern Great Plains. Entomological Society of America, Annual Meeting. Montreal, Canada, Dec. 3-6, 2000.

Gross, K. and P. A. Glogoza. Improving the Prediction of Univoltine Corn Borer Moth Flights with Degree Day Modeling. Entomological Society of America, North Central Branch Meeting. Minneapolis, MN, Mar. 26-29, 2000.

Harris, M. O. 2000. Behavioral responses of susceptible and resistant lines of the light brown apple moth on diets containing Bacillus thuringiensis endotoxins. Poster presented at Joint US-Canada Entomological Societies Meeting, Montreal.

Hodgson, E., I. MacRae, and G. Brewer. 2000. Within field distribution of sunflower midge using geographic information systems. Entomological Society of America. Dec. 3-6, 2000, Montreal. Canada.

Hodgson, E., I MacRae, G. J. Brewer. 2000. Spatial distribution of the sunflower midge. Entomol. Soc. Am., North Central Branch. March 26-29, 2000. Minneapolis, MN.

Jorgensen, C. L. and D. L. Olson. 2000. Sensitivity of Beauveria bassiana to alkaloids found in insect resistant potatoes. 56^th Annual Meeting of the Entomological Society of Manitoba Inc., University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.

Jorgensen, C. L. and D. L. Olson. 2000. A biologically based integrated pest management program for Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata. 55^th Annual North Central Branch - ESA Meeting.

Jorgensen, C. L. and D. L. Olson. 2000. Sensitivity of Beauveria bassiana to alkaloids found in insect resistant potatoes. Entomological Society of America Meeting. Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Mundal, D. A., R. B. Carlson, and D. L. Olson. 2000. Aphthona flea beetle establishment effected by soil composition and root growth pattern. 55^th Annual North Central Branch - ESA Meeting.

4. Extension Presentations

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, A. J. Schroeder, and G. J. Brewer. 2000. Sugarbeet insect management in the Red River Valley. 2000 Sugarbeet Growers Seminars, February 2000, Grafton, ND.

Boetel, M. A. Represented NDSU Entomology Department at Fargo, Grafton, and Grand Forks Sugarbeet growers Seminars, 2000-present.

Boetel, M. A. Represented NDSU Entomology Department at International Sugarbeet Institute, Fargo dome, Fargo, ND, 2000-present.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, and A. J. Schroeder. 2000. Summary of 2000 insect control research findings and research needs for 2001. Sugarbeet Research and Education Board of Minnesota and North Dakota, Research and Education Needs meeting, November 2000, Fargo, ND.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, and A. J. Schroeder. 2000. Performance of registered and experimental insecticide treatments for controlling the sugarbeet root maggot. DuPont Agricultural Products/Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. Crop Pest Management Meeting, November 2000, Fargo, ND.

Charlet, L. D. Sunflower insect pests and their management. Invited speaker at Western Crop Scout School, Dickinson, ND, March 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Sunflower Midge Management. Devils Lake, ND, Jan 12, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Common Tree Insect Pests and Their Management. Turf and Ornamental Pesticide Applicator Training. Bismarck, ND, Jan. 18, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. North Dakota Field Crop Insect Update. Cenex LOL. Fargo, ND, Jan. 19, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Stored grain insect management. Fumigation Pesticide Applicator Training. Minot, ND, Jan. 10, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. North Dakota Field Crop Insect Update. Pesticide Recertification meeting. Steele, ND, Feb. 2, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. North Dakota Field Crop Insect Update. Pesticide Recertification meeting. Ashley, ND, Feb. 2, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. North Dakota Field Crop Insect Update. Pesticide Recertification meeting. Linton, ND, Feb. 2, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Master Gardner Training: Insect ID, Biology, Tree and Garden Pests, Beneficial Insects. Fargo, ND, Feb. 5, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Insect Pest Management and Insecticides. Initial Pesticide Certification Training. Fargo, ND, Feb. 8, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Insect Management in Stored Grain. 47^th National Hard Spring Wheat Show. Williston, ND, Feb. 10, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Wheat Midge and Canola Flea beetle Updates. 47^th National Hard Spring Wheat Show. Williston, ND, Feb. 10, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Utilizing GM Crops in North Dakota. 47^th National Hard Spring Wheat Show. Williston, ND, Feb. 10, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Crop Insect Update. Cavalier, ND, Feb. 11, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Display: Stored Grain Insect Management. Ostland Chemical, CPM Day workshop. Fargo, ND, Feb. 22, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Display: Aphid Management in Small Grains. Ostland Chemical, CPM Day workshop. Fargo, ND, Feb. 22, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Grain Aphids and Barley Yellow Dwarf Management. Small Grains Institute. Grand Forks, ND, Mar. 1, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. 2000 Western Crop Scout School. Dickinson, ND, Mar. 8-9, 2000.
Corn Insect Concerns for 2000.
Corn and Small Grain Insect Identification Lab Session.
Managing for Pesticide Resistance - Insecticides.

Glogoza, P. A. 2000 Eastern Crop Scout School. Fargo, ND, Mar. 14-16, 2000.
Fundamentals of Insect Identification, Biology, and Scouting.
Insect Identification Lab Session.

Glogoza, P. A. Outlook for Insect Pests in North Dakota Field Crops. West Central Chemical. Fargo, ND, Mar. 20, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Field Crop Insect Pest Management. NDSU Plant Science 225, Principles of Crop Production. Fargo, ND, Mar. 22, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Insects in the Garden and Landscape. Gardening Saturday Workshop. Grand Forks, ND, Mar. 25, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Roundtable discussion on insect pest problems in North Dakota/Minnesota. Centrol Crop Consulting. Fargo, ND, Apr. 3, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Insect Management: To Treat or Not to Treat. NDSU Spring Extension Conference. Fargo, ND, Apr. 4, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Sunflower Insect Situation in the Central and Northern Plains, 1999. Sunflower Insects Workshop. Fargo, ND, Apr. 13-14, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. State Survey for Orange Wheat Blossom Midge. North Dakota Wheat Commission Meeting. Fargo, ND, May 10, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Scouting Key Insect pests in field crops for North Dakota and Minnesota. AgriAlliance Intern Training Workshop. Fargo, ND, May 17, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Youth Insect Program. Nativity Grade School. Fargo, ND, May 18, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. FQPA and Pesticide Use Issues in North Dakota. Seventh Annual Environmental Tour: 2000 EPA Farm Tour. Michigan, ND, June 8, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Cutworm Management Q&A Session. American Crystal Sugar. Fargo, ND, June 14, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Insect Management Issues of Current Concern. Wishek, ND, June 20, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Monitoring and Scouting Insect Populations in Field Crops. Pest Management Field School. Carrington Research and Extension Center. Carrington, ND, June 29, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Impacts of Insect Pests on HRS Wheat during 2000. Wheat Quality Tour, sponsored by ND Grain Growers. Casselton, ND, July 31, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Bugs, bugs, and more bugs: Friends or Foes. Pembina County Natural Resource Day Camp. Icelandic State Park, ND, Aug. 8, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Insecticide update and insect outlook for North Dakota. DuPont Roundtable discussion. Fargo, ND, Nov. 8, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Insecticide Update and Insect Outlook for North Dakota Field Crops. Pesticide Recertification Training. ND Agriculture Association Farm Show. Fargo, ND, Nov. 29, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Soybean Aphid: A New Bug on Your Block? ND Agriculture Association Farm Show. Fargo, ND, Nov. 29, 2000.

Olson, D. L. "Insect Pests: Who They Are and What To Do About Them." Greenhouse Informational Meeting for Professional and Hobby Greenhouse Operators. North Central Research and Extension Center, Minot, ND, Nov. 2000.

Olson, D. L. "Economic Threshold for Canola Flea Beetle and Trapping Canola Pests." Canola Production Days. North Central Research and Extension Center, Minot, ND, June 28, 2000.

Olson, D. L. "Biological Control of Leafy Spurge." Grasslands Stewardship Initiative. Valley City, ND, June 23, 2000.

Olson, D. L. "Lygus Bugs: The New Pest in Canola???" Minnesota Canola Council Annual Conference. Jan. 6, 2000.

Olson, D. L. "Problem Spots in North Dakota for Aphthona Flea Beetle Establishment and New Biocontrol Agents." 16^th North Dakota Weed Control Association Annual Meeting and Conference. Jamestown, ND, Jan. 2000.

5. Tours & field days

Boetel, M. A. Assembled and attended an exposition display booth to co-represent NDSU Entomology Department at Crop Protection & Management Days, Fargo Civic Auditorium, Fargo, ND, 2000-present.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, and A. J. Schroeder. 2000. Sugarbeet root maggot research. Novartis Crop Protection plot tour, September 2000, St. Thomas, ND.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, and A. J. Schroeder. 2000. Experimental treatments for sugarbeet root maggot control. Zeneca Ag Products plot tour, July 2000, St. Thomas, ND.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, and A. J. Schroeder. 2000. Sugarbeet root maggot research. Demonstration plot tour, July 2000, St. Thomas, ND.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, and A. J. Schroeder. 2000. Summary of sugarbeet root maggot management trials. Demonstration plot tour, July 2000, Hillsboro, ND.

Boetel, M. A., R. J. Dregseth, and A. J. Schroder. 2000. Sugarbeet root maggot control research. Demonstration plot tour for agriculturalists from American Crystal Sugar Cooperative, July 2000, St. Thomas, ND.

Glogoza, P. A. Cereal Leaf Beetle Management. Minot Research Extension Center Field Day. Minot, ND, July 18, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Current corn and sunflower insect management issues. Carrington Research and Extension Center Field Day. Carrington, ND, July 19, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Management of wheat midge and cereal aphids. Langdon Research and Extension Center Field Day. Langdon, ND, July 20, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Corn rootworm management. Ransom County Corn Tour. Sheldon, ND, Sept. 7, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Red seed weevil and midge management in sunflower. LaMoure County Sunflower Field Tour. Litchville, ND, Sept. 15, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Corn insect management issues. Traill County Corn Tour. Hope, ND, Sept. 19, 2000.

Glogoza, P. A. Corn insect management issues. Steele County Corn Tour. Hope, ND, Sept. 28, 2000.

Olson, D. L. "Economic Threshold for Canola Flea Beetle and Trapping Canola Pests." 3^rd Annual Minnesota Canola Production Center Tour. Thief River Falls, MN, June 27, 2000.

Olson, D. L. "Aphthona flea beetles: Collecting and redistribution." Cass County Biological Control Field Day. Chafee, ND, June 30, 2000.

Olson, D. L. "The Nuts and Bolts of Collecting and Redistribution of Aphthona Flea beetles for Biological Control of Leafy Spurge." Leafy Spurge International Information Day. Frost Fire Mountain, Walhalla, ND, June 27, 2000.

E. Faculty and areas of expertise

Adams, Terrance S.* Insect physiology, insect biochemistry.

Brewer, Gary J. Integrated pest management, plant resistance to insects, sunflower pest management.

Boetel, Mark A. Integrated pest management, sugar beet insect pest management.

Carlson, Robert B. Biometrics; management of shelterbelt insects; biological control of weeds.

Chandler, Laurence D.* Integrated pest management in agronomic crops; biological control of crop pests; and improved insecticide application methods.

Charlet, Laurence D.* Sunflower integrated pest management.

Foster, Stephen P. Physiology and biochemistry, pheromone chemistry.

Glogoza, Phillip A. Integrated management of field crop insects; extension entomology.

Harris, Marion O. Insect behavior, sensory ecology, insect-plant interactions, resistance of plants to insects.

MacRae, Ian* Integrated pest management and geographic information systems.

Olson, Denise L. Biological control, integrated pest management.

Rider, David A. Insect systematics and ecology; biodiversity.

Entomology Home
	Department of Entomology, 202 Hultz Hall   North Dakota State University, Fargo ND  Dr. David Rider, Interim Chair  Phone: 701-231-7582	updated 21 August, 2006